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The Casma Valley Geoglyphs & Lost Cities

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Casma Valley • Ancash • Peru

The Casma Valley Introduction

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The Casma Valley in Peru's Ancash Department hosts a wide range of significant archaeological sites.  These include newly discovered geoglyphs in Pampa Colorada, the hill top fortress of Chankillo, and Sechin Alto - the largest Pre-columbian site in Peru.  The Sechin Alto complex includes a half dozen sites:  Sechin Temple, Cerro Sechin, Sechin Alto, Sechin Bajo, Taukachi-Konkan, Pampa Rosario, and Moxeque

 

  

Learn More About The Casma Valley

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click photo to enlarge

The Casma Valley Near Cero Sechin

 

click photo to enlarge
Ancient sands outcropping below Cerro Manchan on the banks of the Rio Casma, Peru

 

 

The discovery of large geoglyphs, similar to those of the Nazca plain, carved into the arid soil was a significant find.  There are numerous geoglyphs in the shape on animals, humans, and mythical creatures.

The are located approximately 15 km from the town of Casma, along the left margin of the Yautan road.

The lines were constructed by removing the top layer of soil, creating lines approximately 20cm wide, and as large as 25 meters long.  They are clearly visible from nearby hill tops.

The age of these geoglyphs and lines is presumed to be from 3,200 to 2,800 years (approximately the same period as the Nazca culture and the nearby Sechin culture).  Of course this begs the question of a relationship between the two cultures.

 

 

Casma Cultural Chronology  
Casma Period Estimated Chronology Central Andean Period
Tortugas pre 1800 BC Preceramic
Moxeke 1800 - 1000 BC Initial
Pallka 1000 - 350 BC Early Horizon/ Chavνn
Patazca 350 BC - AD 0 beginning Early Intermediate, or EIP
Cachipampa AD 0 - 450 middle EIP/ Gallinazo
Nivνn AD 450 - 650 late EIP/ Moche
Choloque AD 650 - 900 early Middle Horizon/ Black-White-Red
Casma AD 900 - 1350 late Middle Horizon/ Casma incised
Manchαn AD 1350 - 1532 Late Intermediate/Late Horizon

 

 

   

click here for more about our geoglyphic classification system

geoglyph requires elevated viewing
Geoglyph made by removing stones and/or desert pavement exposing soil underneath
Geoglyph appears damaged or partially destroyed
McGuinness Scale Class Two Geoglyph - imprecise object - context consistent

click photo to enlarge

 

 

click here for more about our geoglyphic classification system

geoglyph requires elevated viewing
Geoglyph made by removing stones and/or desert pavement exposing soil underneath
Geoglyph appears damaged or partially destroyed
McGuinness Scale Class Two Geoglyph - imprecise object - context consistent

click photo to enlarge

 

 

click here for more about our geoglyphic classification system

geoglyph requires elevated viewing
Geoglyph made by removing stones and/or desert pavement exposing soil underneath
Geoglyph appears damaged or partially destroyed
McGuinness Scale Class Two Geoglyph - imprecise object - context consistent

click photo to enlarge

 

 

click here for more about our geoglyphic classification system

Geoglyph is visible from the ground
Geoglyph made by removing stones and/or desert pavement exposing soil underneath
Geoglyph appears damaged or partially destroyed
McGuinness Scale Class Two Geoglyph - imprecise object - context consistent

click photo to enlarge

The point of the inner angle located
within the outer angle.

 

click here for more about our geoglyphic classification system

geoglyph requires elevated viewing
Geoglyph made by removing stones and/or desert pavement exposing soil underneath
Geoglyph appears substantially intact
McGuinness Scale Class Two Geoglyph - imprecise object - context consistent

click photo to enlarge

Paralleling boundary lines along a pattern
between the two large triangles.

 

click here for more about our geoglyphic classification system

geoglyph requires elevated viewing
Geoglyph made by removing stones and/or desert pavement exposing soil underneath
Geoglyph appears damaged or partially destroyed
McGuinness Scale Class Two Geoglyph - imprecise object - context consistent

click photo to enlarge

In general, the Casma lines appear to be in poorer condition that those of Nazca

 

click here for more about our geoglyphic classification system

geoglyph requires elevated viewing
Geoglyph made by removing stones and/or desert pavement exposing soil underneath
Geoglyph appears damaged or partially destroyed
McGuinness Scale Class Two Geoglyph - imprecise object - context consistent

click photo to enlarge

Raised rock boundary of line

 

click here for more about our geoglyphic classification system

geoglyph requires elevated viewing
Geoglyph made by removing stones and/or desert pavement exposing soil underneath
Geoglyph appears damaged or partially destroyed
McGuinness Scale Class Two Geoglyph - imprecise object - context consistent

click photo to enlarge

The "V"

 

click here for more about our geoglyphic classification system

geoglyph requires elevated viewing
Geoglyph made by removing stones and/or desert pavement exposing soil underneath
Geoglyph appears damaged or partially destroyed
McGuinness Scale Class Two Geoglyph - imprecise object - context consistent

click photo to enlarge

Long line

 

click here for more about our geoglyphic classification system

geoglyph requires elevated viewing
Geoglyph made by adding or piling stones
Geoglyph made by removing stones and/or desert pavement exposing soil underneath
Geoglyph appears damaged or partially destroyed
McGuinness Scale Class Two Geoglyph - imprecise object - context consistent

click photo to enlarge

Long Line

 

click here for more about our geoglyphic classification system

geoglyph requires elevated viewing
Geoglyph made by adding or piling stones
Geoglyph made by removing stones and/or desert pavement exposing soil underneath
Geoglyph appears damaged or partially destroyed
McGuinness Scale Class Two Geoglyph - imprecise object - context consistent

click photo to enlarge

Divergent Angled Lines

 

click here for more about our geoglyphic classification system

Geoglyph is visible from the ground
Geoglyph made by adding or piling stones
Geoglyph made by removing stones and/or desert pavement exposing soil underneath
Geoglyph appears substantially intact
McGuinness Scale Class Two Geoglyph - imprecise object - context consistent

click photo to enlarge

One of the unrecognizable geoglyphs just outside of Casma.

 

A map of Pampa Colorada. Click to see the map on MSN Maps & Directions
Click The Photo To Goto To Its Page
   

click photo to enlarge

Ancash Department show the road from Casma to Yautan

Position:10°34′00″S, 77°48′00″W

 

click photo to enlarge

 

 

click photo to enlarge

 

 

click photo to enlarge

Same Area As Map Above

 

click here for more about our geoglyphic classification system

geoglyph requires elevated viewing
Geoglyph made by adding or piling stones
Geoglyph made by removing stones and/or desert pavement exposing soil underneath
Geoglyph appears damaged or partially destroyed
McGuinness Scale Class Two Geoglyph - imprecise object - context consistent

click photo to enlarge

A pattern curving from the two triangles to the apex.

 

click here for more about our geoglyphic classification system

geoglyph requires elevated viewing
Geoglyph made by adding or piling stones
Geoglyph made by removing stones and/or desert pavement exposing soil underneath
Geoglyph appears damaged or partially destroyed
McGuinness Scale Class Two Geoglyph - imprecise object - context consistent

click photo to enlarge

Shows straight line crossing from right to left.

 

click here for more about our geoglyphic classification system

geoglyph requires elevated viewing
Geoglyph made by adding or piling stones
Geoglyph made by removing stones and/or desert pavement exposing soil underneath
Geoglyph appears damaged or partially destroyed
McGuinness Scale Class Two Geoglyph - imprecise object - context consistent

click photo to enlarge

The line on the left appears to be only made of a raised ridge of rocks

 

click here for more about our geoglyphic classification system

geoglyph requires elevated viewing
Geoglyph made by adding or piling stones
Geoglyph made by removing stones and/or desert pavement exposing soil underneath
Geoglyph appears damaged or partially destroyed
McGuinness Scale Class Two Geoglyph - imprecise object - context consistent

click photo to enlarge

Unknown design raised stone geoglyph

 

click here for more about our geoglyphic classification system

geoglyph requires elevated viewing
Geoglyph made by adding or piling stones
Geoglyph made by removing stones and/or desert pavement exposing soil underneath
Geoglyph appears damaged or partially destroyed
McGuinness Scale Class Two Geoglyph - imprecise object - context consistent

click photo to enlarge

The "L"

 

 

Image Quality

A note about image quality:  images of lines and symbols taken by air or from satellite images are adjusted to improve contrast and visibility of the artifact (line or symbol).  The results vary from image to image.  We apologize for the quality of some of the images, but it is due to the original source images, and the difficulty of photographing subject object.   

   

click here for more about our geoglyphic classification system

geoglyph requires elevated viewing
Geoglyph made by adding or piling stones
Geoglyph made by removing stones and/or desert pavement exposing soil underneath
Geoglyph appears damaged or partially destroyed
McGuinness Scale Class Two Geoglyph - imprecise object - context consistent

click photo to enlarge

Line (runway) remnant

 

  

click here for more about our geoglyphic classification system

geoglyph requires elevated viewing
Geoglyph made by adding or piling stones
Geoglyph made by removing stones and/or desert pavement exposing soil underneath
Geoglyph appears damaged or partially destroyed
McGuinness Scale Class Two Geoglyph - imprecise object - context consistent

click photo to enlarge

A geoglyph line passes through AND OVER the ruins at Casma's Pampa de las Llamas - suggesting the geoglyph is much newer than the ruined city

 

click here for more about our geoglyphic classification system

geoglyph requires elevated viewing
Geoglyph made by adding or piling stones
Geoglyph made by removing stones and/or desert pavement exposing soil underneath
Geoglyph appears damaged or partially destroyed
McGuinness Scale Class Two Geoglyph - imprecise object - context consistent

click photo to enlarge

Numerous other geoglyphs reside in the flood plain adjacent to Casma

 

click photo to enlarge

  

 
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